Efficiently scheduling material and labor is an example of ______ decisions.
strategictactical
operational
short-term
none of the above
Show the Answer
strategic
Strategic decisions impact the company's long-term effectiveness in terms of how it can address its customers' needs
Strategic decisions impact the company's long-term effectiveness in terms of how it can address its customers' needs
What two metrics in manufacturing are used to calculate cost of process flows?
quality and quantityquantity and DPU
quantity and cycle time
quality and cycle time
Show the Answer
quality and cycle time
Explanation : Quality and cycle time are two metrics used to calculate cost of process flows.
In manufacturing, it is important to calculate the cost of process flows, especially when a production cycle contains multiple processes. Quality and cycle time are two metrics that are used to calculate cost of process flows with quality examined in terms of product defects. Cycle time helps shed light on process delays.
Explanation : Quality and cycle time are two metrics used to calculate cost of process flows.
In manufacturing, it is important to calculate the cost of process flows, especially when a production cycle contains multiple processes. Quality and cycle time are two metrics that are used to calculate cost of process flows with quality examined in terms of product defects. Cycle time helps shed light on process delays.
Which of the following characteristics describe the philosophy of Six Sigma?
I. Results-orientedII. No data required
III. Continuous improvement
IV. Management involvement
V. Quality through inspection
I, II, and III only
I, III, and IV only
I, IV, and V only
II, III, and IV only
II, IV, and V only
Show the Answer
I, III, and IV only
KANO Analysis is a useful tool for the customer feedback analysis.
TrueFalse
Show the Answer
True
Wilma is a Black Belt practitioner tasked with providing a document that prioritizes process which provides justification for a project. What definition and prioritization tool can be used?
pareto chartaffinity diagram
interrelationship digraph
financial feasibility chart
Show the Answer
pareto chart
Explanation : A Pareto chart is a definition and prioritization tool that can be used.
Key Takeaway: A Pareto chart provides detailed reasons to prioritize processes in a project. This type of chart can also be used as a justification for the resources that should be provided to the project. Senior managers and executives can use a Pareto chart to make decisions on which aspects of a project to fund and support.
Explanation : A Pareto chart is a definition and prioritization tool that can be used.
Key Takeaway: A Pareto chart provides detailed reasons to prioritize processes in a project. This type of chart can also be used as a justification for the resources that should be provided to the project. Senior managers and executives can use a Pareto chart to make decisions on which aspects of a project to fund and support.
Sam’s Club executives noticed a strong, positive correlation between in-store promotions and the use of mail coupons. How does the increase of mail coupons affect in-store promotions?
As more in-store promotions are conducted, more mail coupons are usedAs more in-store promotions are conducted, fewer mail coupons are used
As more in-store promotions are conducted, mail coupons are not affected
There is no association between in-store promotions and mail coupons used
Show the Answer
As more in-store promotions are conducted, more mail coupons are used
Explanation : In a strong, positive correlation, as more in-store promotions are conducted, more mail coupons are used.
A positive correlation between two variables indicates that when they are observed in paired instances, they follow the same pattern in change. If one increases, the other does as well and vice versa.
Explanation : In a strong, positive correlation, as more in-store promotions are conducted, more mail coupons are used.
A positive correlation between two variables indicates that when they are observed in paired instances, they follow the same pattern in change. If one increases, the other does as well and vice versa.
Six Sigma is all about the defect reduction.
TrueFalse
Show the Answer
False
A pictorial diagram showing possible causes (process inputs) for a given effect (process outputs) It is also referred to as the "Ishikawa diagram" or "fishbone diagram"
Random ExperimentScatter Diagram
Standard Deviation
Cause and Effect Diagram
Show the Answer
Cause and Effect Diagram
According to Ishikawa, how many years does it take for a quality movement to become "a way of life" in an organization?
1-2 years1-3 years
2-5 years
4 years
6 - 8 years
8 - 10 years
10 - 12 years
Show the Answer
2-5 years
Ishikawa diagrams are: Six Sigma
Three dimensional Pareto chartsMultiple histograms showing the process timeline.
cause-and-effect diagrams
Project schedule with critical path highlighted.
Show the Answer
cause-and-effect diagrams (Ishikawa diagram, cause-and-effect diagram or fish bone diagram are the same thing.)
As seen in Six Sigma methodology, the role of the leader has been transformed and updated in quality management to become that of a(an) ___________.
problem-solverauditor
business coach
management consultant
Show the Answer
problem-solver
Explanation : In Six Sigma methodology, the role of the leader is that of a problem solver.
The role and definition of leadership within enterprises has undergone several transformations over the years. In Six Sigma methodology, the role of leadership is to solve problems that impede processes and make them ineffective. Solving problems entails their proper identification within a team setting and using appropriate tools and techniques to reach a resolution.
Explanation : In Six Sigma methodology, the role of the leader is that of a problem solver.
The role and definition of leadership within enterprises has undergone several transformations over the years. In Six Sigma methodology, the role of leadership is to solve problems that impede processes and make them ineffective. Solving problems entails their proper identification within a team setting and using appropriate tools and techniques to reach a resolution.
The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation requests ‘business cases’ of all new project proposals. What is the main goal behind the preparation of a business case?
To gather technical requirements for an IT projectTo present financial projections to investors
To focus the efforts of executive recruitment
To address how the project will address the business need
Show the Answer
To address how the project will address the business need
Explanation : The main goal behind the preparation of a business is to address how the project will address the business need. A business case is a document that justifies the resources to be spent on a project. A business case elaborates on how a particular project addresses project needs, how much investment is necessary, and the expected outcomes of the project.
Explanation : The main goal behind the preparation of a business is to address how the project will address the business need. A business case is a document that justifies the resources to be spent on a project. A business case elaborates on how a particular project addresses project needs, how much investment is necessary, and the expected outcomes of the project.
Project scope can be limited by the following factors EXCEPT:
geographydemographics
organizational structures
ten year financial projects
Show the Answer
ten year financial projects
Explanation : Project scope can be limited by a number of factors including geography, demographics and organizational structures. A project scope details the time and resources that are necessary to turn inputs into a product or a service. Project scope can be limited by a number of factors that include geography, demographics and organizational structures. Other sources of limitation include process boundaries, relationships with stakeholders such as customers, vendors, and contractors.
Explanation : Project scope can be limited by a number of factors including geography, demographics and organizational structures. A project scope details the time and resources that are necessary to turn inputs into a product or a service. Project scope can be limited by a number of factors that include geography, demographics and organizational structures. Other sources of limitation include process boundaries, relationships with stakeholders such as customers, vendors, and contractors.
The following formula is used to calculate the Net Present Value (NPV or P as seen in the formula) of an investment that will yield a set amount after a given period. What do the A and i stand for?
P = A (1 + i)-n
interest rate; current valuefuture money; interest rate
current value; interest rate
interest rate; number of years
Show the Answer
future money; interest rate
Explanation : The A and i stand for future money and interest rate, respectively.Net Present Value provides a way to calculate the present value of an investment that will yield a set amount of future money after a given period. The formula takes into account the interest rate offered on an investment. For example, an investor promised a return of $2 million in 10 years at a given interest rate can use the formula to calculate the NPV of the investment.
Explanation : The A and i stand for future money and interest rate, respectively.Net Present Value provides a way to calculate the present value of an investment that will yield a set amount of future money after a given period. The formula takes into account the interest rate offered on an investment. For example, an investor promised a return of $2 million in 10 years at a given interest rate can use the formula to calculate the NPV of the investment.
Quality control at a software production assembly line chooses samples for study from every 25 units produced within the day shift. At the end of a single production cycle, they are expected to analyze 200 units for defects. What is this type of sampling called?
Continuous samplingProbability sampling
Non-probability sampling
Fixed-rate sampling
Show the Answer
Probability sampling
Explanation : Probability sampling is a sampling methodology whereby an item is chosen based on a known probability. Probability sampling means that participants or items in a sample are chosen out of the population according to some known probability. These probabilities can range from simple to more complicated ways to choose sample participants or items out of a population. In this example, a product has a 1/25 chance of being chosen for quality control.
Explanation : Probability sampling is a sampling methodology whereby an item is chosen based on a known probability. Probability sampling means that participants or items in a sample are chosen out of the population according to some known probability. These probabilities can range from simple to more complicated ways to choose sample participants or items out of a population. In this example, a product has a 1/25 chance of being chosen for quality control.
The following are all members of a project selection group EXCEPT:
green beltskey executive supporters
champions
master black belts
Show the Answer
green belts
Explanation : Green Belts are not members of a project selection group. In an organization, a project selection group is comprised of senior members that include key executive supporters such as a Chief Financial Officer, champions, and master Black Belts. These senior members of the group have the responsibility of establishing project criteria and selecting team members. Project selection groups typically assign projects to Six Sigma teams within the organization and they provide feedback on results and outputs. The goal of a project selection group’s work is to make sure that current methodologies are sufficient to further organizational goals.
Explanation : Green Belts are not members of a project selection group. In an organization, a project selection group is comprised of senior members that include key executive supporters such as a Chief Financial Officer, champions, and master Black Belts. These senior members of the group have the responsibility of establishing project criteria and selecting team members. Project selection groups typically assign projects to Six Sigma teams within the organization and they provide feedback on results and outputs. The goal of a project selection group’s work is to make sure that current methodologies are sufficient to further organizational goals.
In both manufacturing and business processes in the long-term, the number of sigmas that will fit between a process mean and the desired specification limit will __________.
DecreaseIncrease
Remain the same
Fluctuates with the process
Show the Answer
Decrease
Explanation : In the long-term, the number of sigmas that will fit between a process mean and the desired specification limit will decrease. Due to a number of factors including machine wear and tear, the number of sigmas that will fit between a process mean and the desired specification limit will decrease. The challenge for managers is to chart this reduction and provide solutions in order to maintain high quality in production standards.
Explanation : In the long-term, the number of sigmas that will fit between a process mean and the desired specification limit will decrease. Due to a number of factors including machine wear and tear, the number of sigmas that will fit between a process mean and the desired specification limit will decrease. The challenge for managers is to chart this reduction and provide solutions in order to maintain high quality in production standards.
Green Technologies Inc. is conducting a JAD session to define those factors they think will contribute to the success of the new information system. This will include cost limitations and how to measure the success of the system. What does JAD stand for?
Joint Assessment DesignJoint Assessment Development
Joint Analytical Design
Joint Application Development
Show the Answer
Joint Application Development
Explanation : JAD Joint Application Development. Joint Application Development (JAD) is a business analysis technique that was developed in the 1970s and 1980s. JAD sessions help a company develop new information systems through business requirements’ analysis.
Explanation : JAD Joint Application Development. Joint Application Development (JAD) is a business analysis technique that was developed in the 1970s and 1980s. JAD sessions help a company develop new information systems through business requirements’ analysis.
If the number of occurrences follows a ____________ distribution, the time between occurrences follows an exponential distribution.
PoissonHypergeometric
Normal
Lognormal
Show or Reveal the Answer
Poisson
Six elements contribute to the variation in a process. Those six elements -- five Ms and one P (also known as the six Ms) -- influence variation in: (choose the BEST choice)
Manufacturing processesProcesses that produce some tangible product
All processes-manufacturing or not
Continuous processes
Show or Reveal the Answer
All processes-manufacturing or not
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