Mastering Biology Test Answers 1

The force driving simple diffusion is ________, while the energy source for active transport is ________.

A: the concentration gradient; ADP
B: the concentration gradient; ATP
C: transmembrane pumps; electron transport
D: phosphorylated protein carriers; ATP

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the concentration gradient; ATP

When we first see chiasmata under a microscope, we know that _____.

chiasmata are what we see under a microscope
A: meiosis II has occurred
B: anaphase II has occurred
C: prophase I is occurring
D: separation of homologs has occurred
E: Asexual reproduction has occurred.

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prophase I is occurring

At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?

A: prophase
B: metaphase
C: anaphase
D: interphase

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metaphase

Which of the following statements about deuterostomes is false?

A: All deuterostomes have a coelom.
B: All deuterostomes are triploblastic and have three tissue layers.
C: All deuterostomes exhibit radial symmetry in their bodies.
D: All deuterostomes have a similar pattern of early embryonic development.

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All deuterostomes exhibit radial symmetry in their bodies.

Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella?

A: actin
B: laminin
C: tubulin
D: intermediate filaments
E: secretory vesicles

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Tubulin

2. Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella?

A: centrosomes
B: laminin
C: actin
D: intermediate filaments
E: secretory vesicles

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centrosomes

DNA and RNA provide evidence of evolution because

A: all organisms have nearly identical DNA and RNA
B: no two organisms have exactly the same DNA
C: each RNA codon specifies just one amino acid
D: in most organisms, the same codons specify the same amino acids

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no two organisms have exactly the same DNA

DNA and RNA provide evidence of evolution because no two organisms have exactly the same DNA.

Which of the following could be a nucleotide of RNA?

A: deoxyribose + phosphate group + thymine
B: deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
C: ribose + phosphate group + thymine
D: ribose + phosphate group + uracil

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ribose + phosphate group + uracil

The role of RNA is to move information from the nucleus to the ribosomes for protein synthesis. The DNA located in a eukaryotic cell is nucleus. DNA is made of two chains of nucleotides. hydrogen bonds type of bonds hold the chains together. Uracil RNA base pairs with the adenine in DNA. Uracil base is found only in RNA. ribose + phosphate group + uracil could be a nucleotide of RNA.

Which of the following is a consequence of biological magnification?

A: Toxic chemicals in the environment pose greater risk to top-level predators than to primary consumers.
B: The amount of biomass in the producer level of an ecosystem decreases if the producer turnover time increases.
C: The biomass of producers in an ecosystem is generally higher than the biomass of primary consumers.
D: Only a small portion of the energy captured by producers is transferred to consumers.
E: Populations of top-level predators are generally smaller than populations of primary consumers.

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Toxic chemicals in the environment pose greater risk to top-level predators than to primary consumers.

Where do transcription and translation occur in eukaryotic cells?

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Transcription: nucleus
Translation: cytoplasm

Where does translation occur in eukaryotes?

A: In the cytoplasm only
B: Both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm
C: In the nucleus only
D: In neither the nucleus nor the cytoplasm

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In the cytoplasm only

Transcription occurs in the nucleus then the mRNA is transported out and translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

Which of the following would you expect of a eukaryote lacking telomerase?

A: a reduction in chromosome length in gametes
B: production of Okazaki fragments
C: inability to repair thymine dimers
D: a high probability of somatic cells becoming cancerous
E: high sensitivity to sunlight

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a reduction in chromosome length in gametes